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On this day in 1826 – December 16th – Italian astronomer Giovanni Battisti Donati was born in Pisa.
He's best remembered for the discovery of several comets, including the one that is named for him. Donati's comet was a spectacular sight in the sky in late 1858.
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BellaOnline Editor Renaissance Human
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On this day in 1857 – December 16th – American astronomer Edward Emerson Barnard was born in Nashville, Tennessee.
He was one of best visual observers of his day as well as a pioneer of celestial photography. Barnard's Star was named for him. It's a red dwarf star for which Barnard measured its proper motion relative to the Sun.
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BellaOnline Editor Renaissance Human
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On this day in 1917 – December 16th – British author, futurist, inventor and explorer Arthur C. Clarke was born in Minehead, Somerset, England.
Clarke wrote more than 100 books, and he inspired scientists and space explorers. In honor of his work, the International Astronomical Union named the distance of 36000 km above Earth the Clarke Orbit, and in 2018 they named a mountain on Pluto's moon Charon for him.
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On this day in 1999 – December 18th – NASA launched the Terra satellite.
Terra was the flagship of the Earth Observation System, a multinational research program to study changes in the Earth and how they could affect life on our planet.
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On this day in 2013 – December 19th – the European Space Agency (ESA) launched its Gaia spacecraft.
Gaia is a space observatory which is measuring the positions and distances of stars with unprecedented accuracy. The mission aims to construct the largest and most precise 3D space catalog ever made.
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BellaOnline Editor Renaissance Human
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On this day in 1904 – December 20th – The Mount Wilson Solar Observatory in Los Angeles County, California was founded.
About fifteen years later, "solar" was dropped from the name as the 100-inch Hooker telescope came into use. Observing with it, Edwin Hubble found evidence that the Milky Way was just one galaxy in an expanding Universe.
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BellaOnline Editor Renaissance Human
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.On this day in 1986 – December 21st – NASA launched Apollo 8 with a crew of Frank Borman, Jim Lovell and William Anders.The Apollo 8 Moon mission was the first manned mission to leave Earth orbit and go into orbit around another celestial object.
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BellaOnline Editor Renaissance Human
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On this day in 1988 – December 21st – Vladimir Titov and Musa Manarov returned to Earth.
The two cosmonauts had spent an entire year aboard the Soviet Mir space station.
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BellaOnline Editor Renaissance Human
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.On this day in 2022 – December 21st – the winter solstice occurred at 21:47 UCT (Coordinated Universal Time), i.e., Greenwich Mean Time. It was 4:47 PM EST if you don't use a 24-four clock.The winter solstice is is the shortest day of the year in the northern hemisphere, and the North Pole is at its maximum tilt away from the Sun. The southern hemisphere has its longest day and, the South Pole is at its maximum tilt towards the Sun..
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BellaOnline Editor Renaissance Human
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.On this day in 2022 – December 24th – Apollo 8 entered lunar orbit. The crew - Frank Borman, James Lovell & Wiliam Anders - were the first humans to view Earth as a whole planet, the first to orbit another world, and the first to see the far side of the Moon. They made a live Christmas Eve broadcast to the Earth as they circled the Moon..
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