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BellaOnline Editor Renaissance Human
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.On this day in 1871 – November 4th – American astronomer William Hammond Wright was born in San Francisco, California.Among his accomplishments was the research carried out into the radial velocity of stars in the southern sky. This was mainly done at the Chile station of California's Lick Observatory. He later became the director of Lick Observatory, a post he held from 1935-1942.
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BellaOnline Editor Renaissance Human
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On this day in 2013 – November 5th – the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) launched the Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM).
MOM - also called Mangalyaan ("Mars-craft" in Sanskrit) was India's first interplanetary mission. In September 2021 it completed its seventh year in orbit.
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BellaOnline Editor Renaissance Human
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.On this day in 2018 – November 5th – Voyager 2 entered interstellar space.It was the second spacecraft to cross the heliopause. This is where the tenuous, hot solar wind meets the cold, dense interstellar medium. Voyager 1 crossed this boundary in 2012.
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BellaOnline Editor Renaissance Human
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.On this day in 1572 – November 6th – Tycho Brahe recorded his observation of a bright new star (now listed as supernova SN 1572) in the constellation Cassiopeia.The understanding of the time was that the stars were part of a sphere which was perfect and unchangeable, so the new object was assumed to be a local phenomenon. However, Tycho's study showed that it was a distant object.
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BellaOnline Editor Renaissance Human
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.On this day in 1631 – November 7th – French priest and astronomer Pierre Gassendi observed a transit of MercuryJohannes Kepler had predicted transits of Mercury and Venus, but when Gassendi witnessed a transit of Mercury, he was the first person to see such a transit. The last transit of Mercury was in November 2019, but the next one won't occur until November 13, 2032.
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BellaOnline Editor Renaissance Human
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.On this day in 1656 – November 8th – English astronomer (and master of several other sciences) Edmond Halley was born in Haggerston which is now part of the London Borough of Hackney.Halley was one of the greatest minds of his era. He is still known today for Halley's Comet, which bears his name after he correctly predicted its return.
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BellaOnline Editor Renaissance Human
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On this day in 1934 – November 9th – American astronomer Carl Sagan was born in Brooklyn, New York.
Sagan was also noted as a science writer and communicator, and is still remembered for his television series Cosmos. In 2009 Carl Sagan Day was initiated as an annual celebration of astronomy and of Sagan's ideals.
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On this day in 1967 – November 9th – a Saturn V launch vehicle took the unmanned Apollo 4 into space.
It was the first test of the Saturn V rocket, which would be used by the U.S. Apollo program to send astronauts to the Moon.
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On this day in 2005 – November 9th – the European Space Agency (ESA) Venus Express was launched.
Its main objective was the long term observation of the Venusian atmosphere. The spacecraft observed for nearly nine years.
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On this day in 1861 – November 10th – Scottish astronomer Robert T. A. Innes was born in Edinburgh.
Innes is best known for his discovery of Proxima Centauri, the closest star to Earth after the Sun.
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