Was the late Enver Hoxha, Communist head of Albania, a monster? Hoxha, a former schoolteacher, increased the literacy rate significantly in Albania. Who would you put in charge of the anti-rape squad-Hoxha's wifeoxha's wife: Nexhime or Hillary Clinton lick the URL & read his autobiography. Thanks. Carl
http://www.mltranslations.org/Albania/EnverNL.htm Short Biography of Enver HoxhaShort Biography of Enver Hoxha
(Published by La Nostra Lotta, Italy)
EXCERPTS:
Enver Hoxha was born in Argirocastro, in the south of Albania, on October 16,
1908; his father was a modest employee, for many years an emigrant in America;
his mother was a housewife.
A great influence on the spiritual growth of Enver Hoxha was exercised by his
uncle Hyen Hoxha, a man who for that period was a definite revolutionary. He
represented Argirocastro on November 28, 1912, in the act of proclamation of
independence of Albania, signing a document that consecrated the will of the
Albanian people to free themselves from the yoke of the Turkish empire. He later
also took a hostile attitude towards the reactionary regime of king Zog. This
played a fundamental role in the formation of the political ideas of Enver
Hoxha.
In his city he breathed the air of protest against a repressive government that
culminated in the democratic revolution of 1924.
Having finished elementary school he attended the high school of Argirocastro.
At the age of 16 he was already among the first initiators and also secretary of
the Society of the Students of Argirocastro, which was permeated with a
democratic-revolutionary spirit. He led the protest of progressive students when
center was closed by the government after a year.
He left Argirocastro to move to Korca, where he continued his studies in the
French high school. Here he learned French history, literature and philosophy.
In this city he read for the first time the "Manifesto of the Communist Party"
given to him by a worker named Ko�i Bako. In this period he also learned for the
first time about the October Socialist Revolution; all that together with the
ideas of the French Revolution which thrilled Enver Hoxha, determined his
cultural development and his political tendencies.
In the summer of 1930 he finished his studies at the high school of Korca with
excellent marks; in the same year he won a scholarship to attend the faculty of
natural sciences at Montepellier in France. He wanted to study philosophy or
law. Here he attended the lessons and the conferences of the Association of
Workers organized by the French Communist Party.
After a year, not having much interest in biology he left Montepellier to go to
Paris, hoping to continue his university studies. He took courses in the faculty
of philosophy at the Sorbonne and, in the Marxist environment of the French
capital, he collaborated with "Humanite", writing some articles on the situation
in Albania. Here he had the opportunity to study Marx's "Capital" and Engels'
"Anti-Duhring." For these reasons in November of 1933 he was denied his
scholarship by the government of Zog.
For economic reasons and with the help of some Albanian friends he went to
Brussels, where he found a job in the Albanian Consulate. He attended university
courses in the faculty of law; here he broadened and enriched his knowledge of
Marxist-Leninist literature. Once again he was dismissed, because the consul
discovered through Zog's agents that his employee had deposited in his office
revolutionary materials and books. In that period he studied in France and
worked in Belgium, also attending the University of Brussels.
Being without work and without money, he could not finish his university
studies, so Enver Hoxha in the summer of 1936 finally returned to Albania. He
spent a brief period of time in the city of his birth, he made contact with
Albanian communists, and in July of 1936 he met Al� Kelmendi, an Albanian
communist. He had contacts with the communist group of Korca, which was the most
solid and organized of the movement. He returned to Korca as a teacher in the
French high school.
On April 7, 1939, Italy occupied Albania.
For his openly revolutionary and anti-fascist ideas he was dismissed. He left
Korca, went to Tirana, the Albanian capital, on November 29, 1939. Here he
worked part-time in the government grammar school for a short time as a teacher,
being again dismissed because he was by now known as a communist. With the help
of some friends he opened a small shop, which became a cover for his clandestine
activity. He came into contact with many members of the varied communist groups,
that of Scutari, that of the youth of Korca, etc. In collaboration with the
communist activists of these groups he worked actively for the unification of
the scattered communist movement, with the firm intention to create a single
communist party.
On November 8, 1941, the Communist Party of Albania was founded and Enver Hoxha,
who had a played an important and decisive role, was chosen one of 7 members of
the provisional Central Committee. According to the decision of the meeting, no
one was chosen secretary or president. Soon Enver Hoxha showed himself as the
true leader of the party. He carried on an intense activity for the organization
of the party in Tirana and in the various cities and regions of Albania.
He was the principle inspirer of the political life of the party, which
consisted in organizing the armed struggle by means of a united front of all
forces, independent of their political and ideological orientation. In September
of 1942 at the Conference of Pesa the National Front of Liberation was formed.
Condemned to death in absentia by a fascist tribunal, Enver Hoxha lived and
worked illegally in Tirana and in the various regions of the country.
In March of 1943 the first National Conference of the C.P.A. elected him
formally as General Secretary of the Party, a position that he held until his
death. He founded the Army of National Liberation which, in the spring of 1944
had about 70 thousand men.
The role of Enver Hoxha as a political and military figure was very important
and perhaps fundamental. The role that Enver Hoxha played in the organization of
the new political system was also fundamental. Aware of the fact that Albania in
the post-war period could no longer be a feudal dominion of the bourgeoisie, nor
a colony of the imperialist powers, Enver Hoxha in the party inspired the
creation of embryos of the new political power: the National Councils of
Liberation.
In May of 1944 the Anti-Fascist Congress of Permet chose Enver Hoxha as
president of the National Anti-Fascist Committee of Liberation, which was at
that epoch the only legislative organ of the Albanian State, with the attributes
of a provisional government, and Commander-in-Chief of the Army. After 4 months,
in view of the coming liberation of the country, the Committee was transformed
into a Provisional Democratic Government and Enver Hoxha became the first head
of government of the new Albania.
After liberation, which was the exclusive achievement of the Army of Albanian
Liberation itself, Enver Hoxha began a new phase in the fight for Albania to
rise again on the path of socialism. In March of 1946 the Constituent Assembly,
chosen in the elections of December 1945, proclaimed Albania a Peoples Republic
and nominated Enver Hoxha as Prime Minister, the office that he held until 1954.
In August of that same year Enver Hoxha participated in the Peace Conference in
Paris as head of the Albanian delegation, defending brilliantly the right of his
people to be considered a member of the anti-fascist coalition, opposing the
territorial claims of Greece.
