The trump cards are indeed Magician through The World. Some say that The Fool is not really "at the beginning", as much as he visits all the other Majors as archetypal dynamics unfold. For example, while we enter the world naive and full of hope as a child (The Fool), we can also bring that kind of energy to the other archetypal "stations" of the Majors. The Majors are universal in that their expression can be found in any culture, gender, or society. There is the archetype of creative force utlizing the 4 elements reflected in the Minors (Earth, Fire, Water, Air), as portrayed in the Magician, the Death process as portrayed in the Death card, the taming of the beastly nature within and drawing upon compassion in The Strength card, etc. These are the "life" archetypes often portrayed on a grand scale--and found in fairy tales, myth, and cinema.
The Court Cards are often the Guides, Teachers, and Mentors of the Tarot. They can be archetypal as well, but are more specialized and personalized (such as Queen of Swords=Amazon or Queen of Cups=Mother). Some authors attribute eye and hair color to specific Court Cards, as well as Jungian/Myers-Briggs functions and other personality traits.