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On this day in 2001 – August 8th – NASA's Genesis spacecraft was launched.

Genesis was a sample-return probe designed to collect a sample of solar wind and return it to Earth for analysis.


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On this day in 2000 – August 9th – the European Space Agency (ESA) launched the second pair of Cluster satellites.

This completed the four-satellite constellation of the Cluster II mission, which is still carrying out a detailed investigation of how the Sun and Earth interact.


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On this day in 1675 – August 10th – the first Astronomer Royal John Flamsteed laid the cornerstone for the Royal Observatory in Greenwich.

By the end of the 19th century most of the world's shipping was using navigation charts based on the Prime Meridian at Greenwich.


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On this day in 1966 – August 10th – NASA's Lunar Orbiter 1 was launched.

It was the first US spacecraft to orbit the Moon.


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On this day in 1990 – August 10th – NASA's Magellan spacecraft entered orbit around Venus to begin radar mapping of the surface.

It had been launched on May 4, 1989, the first interplanetary mission to be launched from the Space Shuttle.


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Did they get a lot of good photos?

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On this day in 1990 – August 10th – NASA's Magellan spacecraft entered orbit around Venus to begin radar mapping of the surface.
Quote
Did they get a lot of good photos?
Well, Angie, yes and no. They didn't get any actual photographs of the surface, because visible light can't penetrate Venus's thick clouds. But the planet was mapped using radar which has a longer wavelength than visible light and is able to penetrate the clouds. What we can see in the radar images is the contours of surface features.

Here is a surface map of Venus made from Magellan imaging plus some data from the Areceibo Observatory. The color coding shows elevation using data from Magellan, the Soviet Venera spacecraft and NASA's Pioneer Venus mission.

[NASA/JPL/USGS]


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True, I forgot about Venus being cloud covered. We've come a long way since the first telescope.

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On this day in 1964 – August 12th – the Soviet craft Voskhod 1 was launched.

As the first spacecraft to carry three people, it was another step forward in manned space flight.


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On this day in 1877 – August 12th – American astronomer Asaph Hall discovered Deimos, moon of Mars.

Moons had long since been found for all the other planets beyond Earth, so Hall's discoveries were quite a sensation.


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