Lynn, (your sources still do not appear; "Object not found" is what appears when I click on your link)
I've never seen impartial studies that show that in EQUAL circumstances, women make substantially less than men. What I think is happening is that while the same "pay gap myth" keeps regenerating without any real evidence, there have been so many articles that have disproven it that they don't want to keep reiterating the message. But apparently, some people still desire to believe it.
This article is from 2002, but it is yet another example of why those figures are not interpreted correctly. It's by the "National Center for Policy Analysis."
http://www.ncpa.org/pub/ba/ba392/From a year ago, an excellent article by John Leo, editor for US News and World Report:
http://www.townhall.com/opinion/columns/johnleo/2005/03/14/14792.htmlAn excerpt: "A new book, Why Men Earn More by Warren Farrell, goes further, examining a broad array of wage statistics. His conclusion: When reasonable adjustments are made, women earn just as much as men, and sometimes more."
and
"Some of Farrell's findings: Women are 15 times as likely as men to become top executives in major corporations before the age of 40. Never-married, college-educated males who work full time make only 85 percent of what comparable women earn. Female pay exceeds male pay in more than 80 different fields, 39 of them large fields that offer good jobs, like financial analyst, engineering manager, sales engineer, statistician, surveying and mapping technicians, agricultural and food scientists, and aerospace engineers. A female investment banker's starting salary is 116 percent of a male's. Part-time female workers make $1.10 for every $1 earned by part-time males."
and
"Surprisingly, Farrell argues that comparable males and females have been earning similar salaries for decades, though the press has yet to notice. As long ago as the early 1980s, he writes, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics found that companies paid men and women equal money when their titles and responsibilities were the same."
Again, for a good starting place, I'd highly recommend Christina Hoff Sommers' book on how many groups are convincing many unaware people of just how bad life is for women in the United States when nothing could be further from the truth.