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#882964 11/26/14 03:04 PM
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Caroline Herschel was an intelligent young woman trapped in domestic servitude by her mother. Her brother William rescued her and trained her as a singer. After he discovered the planet Uranus, the two of them ended up forming a great partnership whose work revolutionized the study of astronomy.

Caroline Herschel

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I visited the Herschel Museum of Astronomy in Bath, England this week. It's a house in which William and Caroline - and sometimes their brother Alexander - actually did live for a time. In fact, it was there that William Herschel made history by discovering a new planet.

One of the exhibits in the museum is a dress worn by Caroline. Standing near it, it's obvious how small she was, physically. But as a young child, she survived smallpox, which took the life of a younger sibling and many other people in Hanover. And then when she was ten, she contracted typhus from which she was not expected to recover. But she did. It affected her growth, but she still lived to be nearly 98.

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Caroline Herschel has been honored by having a crater on the Moon named after her.

Crater C. Herschel is a small crater in the western part of the Mare Imbrium. Mare Imbrium is the largest lunar mare, and the name means Sea of Showers. The dark areas of the Moon looked to 17th century astronomers like seas. Actually they were formed by a different liquid - lava - which filled the great depressions left from earlier massive impacts.

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There's a lovely little star cluster known as Caroline's Rose. It's catalogued as NGC 7789, but the nickname comes from its discovery by Caroline Herschel and its flowery appearance in small telescopes. The cluster is over 50 light years across and located in the constellation Cassiopeia.

Image Credit & Copyright: Guillaume Seigneuret


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