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A Chandra X-ray image of the supernova remnant N132D. Since we aren't like Superman with X-ray vision, unaided we couldn't see the exquisite structure in this nebula. The colors represent different X-ray energies, "red, green, and blue representing, low, medium, and higher X-ray energies respectively."

A supernova remnant is formed mostly from the debris of the tremendous explosion that signaled the end of a massive star that had run out of fuel.
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[The horse shape of N132D] is thought to be due to shock waves from the collision of the supernova ejecta with cool giant gas clouds. As the shock waves move through the gas they heat it to millions of degrees, producing the glowing X-ray shell.

Credit: NASA/SAO/CXC


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Wow. What kind of strange sea creature is this? OK, it's really a planetary nebula, but it looks like a sea creature to me.

Here's the story:
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A star begins to die when it has exhausted its thermonuclear fuel - hydrogen and helium. The star then becomes bright and cool (red giant phase) and swells to several tens of times its normal size. It begins puffing thin shells of gas off into space. These shells become the star's cocoon. In the Hubble images, the shells are the concentric rings seen around each nebula.

Credit: Robert Rubin (NASA/ESA Ames Research Center), Reginald Dufour and Matt Browning (Rice University), Patrick Harrington (University of Maryland), and NASA/ESA


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Here is NGC 7635, the Bubble Nebula. It's small and delicately bubble-like, and in this image just to the left of center of the large complex of gas and dust. It's located about 11,000 light years away on the boundary between the constellations Cepheus and Cassiopeia. Look to the lower left to see M52, an open star cluster about 5000 light years away.

Image Credit & Copyright: Rolf Geissinger


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beautiful.

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This is emission nebula Thor's Helmet Emission Nebula NGC 2359. It's about 12,000 light years away in the constellation Canis Major.
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This helmet-shaped cosmic cloud with wing-like appendages is popularly called Thor's Helmet. Heroically sized even for a Norse god, Thor's Helmet spans about 30 light-years across. In fact, the helmet is more like an interstellar bubble, blown as a fast wind -- from the bright star near the center of the bubble's blue-hued region -- sweeps through a surrounding molecular cloud. This star, a Wolf-Rayet star, is a massive and extremely hot giant star thought to be in a brief, pre-supernova stage of evolution. The blue color originates from strong emission from oxygen atoms in the nebula.

Image Credit & Copyright: Adam Block, Mt. Lemmon SkyCenter, U. Arizona


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A work of art, a beautiful painting. Or so it seems. It's a bit of the Orion Nebula, highlighting the young star LL Orionis. A nebula, like puffy clouds on Earth, looks like a fluffy tranquil place. But like earthly clouds, it's not, it's turbulent. The star produces an energetic outflow of particles, called a stellar wind. As this fast wind hits the nebula's slow-moving gas, it forms a bow shock, which you can see just above the star. It's about half a light year across.

Image Credit: NASA, ESA, and The Hubble Heritage Team


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This is a planetary nebula called the Red Spider Nebula (officially NGC 6537). (I don't think it looks like a spider, but obviously someone did.) The nebula is the result of an ordinary star like the Sun ejecting its outer layers as it's running out of fuel. The star finally becomes a white dwarf. NGC 6537 is located in Sagittarius (the Archer), maybe around 4000 light years away - astronomers can't be certain.

Image Credit: NASA, ESA, Hubble, HLA; Reprocessing & Copyright: Jesús M.Vargas & Maritxu Poyal


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The Cat's Paw Nebula (NGC 6334) must belong to a very big cat since the paw is some 40 light years across. It's an emission nebula and star-forming region located in the constellation Scorpius, discovered by astronomer John Herschel in 1837, who observed it from the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa. The red color comes from energized hydrogen.

Image Credit: George Varouhakis


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Here is the Blue Horsehead Nebula is a reflection nebula in the constellation Scorpius.

Image Credit & Copyright: Scott Rosen


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