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Hi Mona, this is such a beautiful image! I can sort of remember when I first saw this image, years ago. I was awe-struck. The Hubble has shown us so many beautiful things - things I'd never imagined.


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The Arches Cluster is billed as the most crowded place in the Milky Way. It's a star cluster 25,000 light years away in the constellation Sagittarius towards the Galactic Center. It's a young star cluster, a mere 2-4 million years old. If that doesn't sound much like a toddler to you, remember that the Solar System is 4.5 billion years old.

But the Solar System is a nice suburban property, unlike the dense inner city of the Arches Cluster. Think of a sphere with the Sun at the center whose radius is the distance to our nearest neighboring star, Alpha Centauri. Alpha Centauri is not quite 4.4 light years away. In the Arches Cluster, a sphere of that size would contain over 100,000 stars.

Last edited by Mona - Astronomy; 05/27/15 10:10 AM.
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Another beautiful tribute to Hubble. This one is by Davide Sigillò of Florence, Italy. He has painted M42 (the Orion Nebula) based on a Hubble Space Telescope image. The painting is oil on panel, using a palette knife technique. I'd love to see the actual painting.

Last edited by Mona - Astronomy; 05/31/15 12:25 AM.
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That 25 years sure went quickly! I'm going to look up some info about it.


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I realized that I hadn't included a link to the winning video in the 25 & under section of the #Ode to Hubble competition. It's an original and quite delightful approach to the accomplishments of this wonderful telescope.

Here is Hubble's Universe by Halley Davies and Martin Hellmich of Canada.

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M104 - the Sombrero Galaxy - is an edge-on spiral galaxy with a broad ring of obscuring dust lanes. This is a colorful oil painting on canvas of the Sombrero Galaxy, by Maja Opacic.

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Here's a close-up of part of the Veil Nebula located 1500 light years away in the constellation Cygnus. This section is a little bit of the portion known as the Witch's Broom Nebula.

NASA describes this Hubble image from 2007 as
“the shattered remains of a supernova that exploded 5-10,000 years ago. The intertwined rope-like filaments of gas result from the enormous amounts of energy released as the fast-moving debris from the explosion ploughs into its surroundings and creates shock fronts. These shocks heat the gas to millions of degrees. The subsequent cooling of this material produces the brilliantly coloured glows. The different colours indicate emission from different kinds of atoms excited by the shock: blue shows oxygen, green shows sulphur, and red shows hydrogen.”

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We were all blown away by the magnificent pictures taken by the Hubble Space Telescope in 1999 - and rightly so. But thanks to space shuttle astronauts installing upgrades to Hubble, they've become even better over the years.

These two images of the Quintuplet Cluster show the difference in imaging power between 1999 and 2015.

The Quintuplet Cluster was named for its five brightest stars. It contains the Pistol Star which is the most luminous known star in the Galaxy. In a few million years it will end in a supernova, or even a hypernova.

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Another super image from the Hubble Space Telescope. This is NGC 6565, a planetary nebula in the constellation Sagittarius. (Credit: ESA/Hubble & NASA)

A dying star ejects its outer layers, and its stellar winds push them away to produce a planetary nebula. We see the nebula illuminated when the star's core is finally exposed and it produces UV radiation. This excites the surrounding gas and an array of colors is radiated. When the star shrinks to a white dwarf, its luminosity fades and the nebula fade from view.

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Here is the Little Gem nebula (NGC 6818), a planetary nebula located in the constellation of Sagittarius, roughly 6000 light-years away from us. The rich glow of the cloud is a bit over half a light-year across.

You can just see its star in the center. When stars like the Sun enter retirement, they shed their outer layers into space to create glowing clouds of gas called planetary nebulae. This ejection of mass is uneven, and planetary nebulae can have very complex shapes.

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