It's short row shaping
Which means that your sweater should come out with a really great fit.
You are, in effect, knitting only a portion of each row. The 8 extra stitches will stay on your needles until you get to the end when they will be bound off with the rest of the sts.
Here's what it means:
Slip 1 st to the right needle. Bring the yarn to the front of the work as if to P. Now, slide the slipped st back to the left needle. Move the yarn to the back of the work so it's in position as if to K the next st. Now, turn the work around and work the next row. The working strand of yarn wraps around the slipped stitch. When you turn the work, you will have unworked sts remaining on the left hand needle.
So SWT:
Slip 1 st, yarn forward.
Slip the slipped st back to the left needle, yarn back.
Turn the work.